Ducati Diavel
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Ducati Diavel Service Manual: Operating principle and characteristics of the ride-by-wire system

Ducati Diavel Service Manual / Electric system and engine control system / Introduction to the engine control system / Operating principle and characteristics of the ride-by-wire system

The engine control system of the diavel uses a ride-by-wire system with motorised throttle valves. This eliminates all direct connection with metal cables between the throttle grip and the throttle valves themselves. Cables are used to rotate the aps potentiometer, which generates an electric signal that is sent to the engine control unit. The engine control unit uses this signal to determine the throttle grip position and the throttle opening dynamics, in other terms, the torque demand made by the rider. The ride-by-wire system enables the following:

Operating principle and characteristics of the ride-by-wire system


The three curves show the relationship between the throttle valve aperture regimens and the angle of the throttle grip.

Different curves for different engine speed bands are stored in the engine control unit. Each one of these is activated by the rider in relation to the selected riding mode. On a conventional mechanical system there is only one throttle valve aperture regimen, which is determined by the profile of the control roller mounted on the spindle of the valves themselves and actuated by a metal cable that moves as the throttle grip is twisted. With the 150 hp hard setting selected (red curve with maximum power of 150 hp available), with the exception of the initial zone, the relationship between percentage throttle grip aperture and percentage throttle valve aperture is practically linear (direct). Therefore, high throttle grip aperture angles correspond to identical high throttle valve aperture angles. This linear relationship, however, does not apply at small throttle grip aperture angled (a small throttle valve aperture angle is achieved with a slightly higher throttle grip rotation angle). With the 150 hp soft setting (purple curve with maximum power of 150 hp available), throttle valve opening is "softer". Therefore, a given aperture angle of the throttle grip corresponds to a lower throttle valve aperture angle. However, this setting still allows the maximum throttle valve opening to be attained when the throttle grip is fully rotated (100% throttle grip rotation corresponds to a throttle valve opening angle á equal to 90). With the 100 hp setting (green curve with maximum power restricted to 100 hp), throttle valve aperture is significantly attenuated, and rotating the throttle grip fully (100%) does not achieve full throttle valve aperture (throttle valves reach a maximum angle of less than 90. Restricting maximum power). The blue line represents a direct relationship between throttle grip opening angle and throttle valve opening angle, whereby a given throttle grip rotation angle corresponds to an identical opening of the throttle valves.

Tps

The position of the throttle valves is monitored by the engine control unit via a sensor (tps) integrated into the electric motor, fixed onto the spindle of the vertical cylinder throttle valve.

For maximum reliability, the sensor consists of two integrated hall effect sensing elements (main and sub), which measure the position of the throttle valve.

The tps uses a single power supply voltage and a single ground.

The two signals generated, also denominated main and sub, are monitored using a diagnostic algorithm by the ecu (engine control unit), which constantly compares the signals against each other and verifies their consistency. In the event of inconsistency or a fault, the error is indicated and the throttle valve actuator motor is disabled.

Aps

The position of the throttle grip is measured by a sensor (aps) mounted on the throttle body and consisting of two resistance potentiometers (main and sub), integrated into a single element.

Each of the two resistance potentiometers has its own dedicated power supply and ground.

The two signals generated, also denominated main and sub, are monitored using a diagnostic algorithm by the ecu (Engine control unit), which constantly compares the signals against each other and verifies their consistency. In the event of inconsistency or a fault, the error is indicated and the throttle valve actuator motor is disabled.

The information provided by the aps is used by the engine control unit to determine what is known as the "torque request" made by the rider - in other terms, the performance required of the engine by the rider.

Operating principle and characteristics of the ride-by-wire system


Operating principle and characteristics of the ride-by-wire system


The two diagrams illustrate the operating principle of the ride-by-wire system and the monitoring and control functions performed by the internal ecu circuits. As can be seen, the aps consists of a potentiometer with two elements (main and sub), with independent power supply and ground. The tps also has a potentiometer with two elements (also main and sub), but with common power supply and ground. The cpu is the processing core of the control unit, the ipd (integralproportional- derivative controller) is the control circuit and the lsi is a large scale integrated circuit that controls the power relay on the exterior of the actuator. When necessary (in the event of malfunction), this circuit and the cpu generate a signal that inhibits the electric throttle valve actuator motor. In this case, the throttle valves are returned to the closed position by a spring on the throttle body.

Operating principle and characteristics of the ride-by-wire system


The image shows the throttle body seen from the intake side. The accelerator sensor (aps) is visible on the left, while the electric actuator (motor driving the throttle valves), which also incorporates the throttle valve sensor (tps), is on the right. The electric actuator operates the vertical cylinder throttle valve directly, and operates the horizontal cylinder throttle valve via a link rod.

Operating principle and characteristics of the ride-by-wire system


When removing the airbox, the throttle body remains fixed to the bottom of the air box itself.

Operating principle and characteristics of the ride-by-wire system


Operating principle and characteristics of the ride-by-wire system


The throttle body is fastened to the rubber intake pipes with metal clamps.

Important

In the event of a fault of the electric throttle valve actuator motor, the tps throttle valve position sensor (integrated into the electric motor) or the aps accelerator position sensor, the entire throttle body must be replaced.

In the event of a fault in the ride-by-wire system (throttle valve actuator motor, throttle valve actuator motor relay and aps and tps sensors), the command to actuate the throttle valves is immediately cancelled and the valves close automatically.

The ecu implements no recovery measure in the event of a ride-by-wire system fault. The engine either continues running at idle speed or switches off. The motorcycle can therefore not be ridden (there is no limp-home strategy for taking the vehicle to a service centre).

When replacing the throttle body, no adjustment procedures and no special initialisation procedures using the dds are necessary.

Never alter the setting of the by-pass screws on each of the throttle valves.

Never alter the setting of the throttle valve synchronisation screw

Injection and ignition
Introduction Ignition is via a single stick coil per cylinder installed in the spark plug well. Each thermal unit is supplied by a single injector, placed under the throttle valve. The amount of f ...

Explanation of the function of the ride-by-wire system
Mechanism Via metal cables, the throttle grip operates a roller mounted on one end of a spindle located near the horizontal cylinder throttle valve spindle. The aps sensor, which measures the p ...

Other materials:

Refitting the seat
Note Apply recommended grease to the hole (a) of latch (6). Fit the seat (1) as follows: insert the tabs (b) (on the front side) under the rubber pads (c) of the gloves compartment; then push the seat rear side until hearing the lock latch click. ...

Removal of the front wheel
Support the bike so that the front wheel is raised from the ground. Remove the front brake calliper (b) by unscrewing the two screws (a) securing the calliper to the fork leg; do not disconnect the calliper from the hose. Warning Do not operate the brake lever when the callipers are ...

Default function (resetting ducati default parameters)
This function resets the parameters set by ducati for each riding style. To access the function it is necessary to view the ""setting" menu", using buttons (1) "s" or (2) "t" select the "riding mode" function and press the reset button (3) to enter the following page. Use button (1) "s" or ...

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